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Specific allergen immunotherapy (also known as desensitisation) is a long-term treatment which changes the immune system’s response to allergens. It involves regular injections of gradually increasing amounts of allergen extracts. It is used in conjunction with avoidance of known allergen triggers and use of medication.
Immunotherapy has been shown to improve asthma control in some people with asthma who are allergic to house dust mite, cat and grass pollen allergens. It is also proven to be effective in treating allergic rhinitis/conjunctivitis (hay fever).
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Immunotherapy may be suitable for you if:
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exposure to a particular allergen causes your symptoms
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your allergy to a particular allergen is confirmed using allergy tests
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further allergen exposure cannot be avoided or reduced
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your asthma is stable.
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Immunotherapy cannot be given if you:
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are taking beta blocker medication
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have had a previous severe allergic reaction (such as anaphylaxis) to immunotherapy
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have certain immune disorders.
Your doctor will advise you. Immunotherapy should only be initiated and supervised by a doctor with appropriate training, such as an allergy specialist (a referral is required). Informed consent must be given. If you are receiving immunotherapy, your asthma must be regularly monitored by your doctor.
You should make sure you understand the benefits and risks before you agree to have immunotherapy.
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Content Updated March 2005
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